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These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Popular Examples Add two numbers. Check prime number. Find the factorial of a number. Print the Fibonacci sequence.
Check leap year. DSA Introduction What is an algorithm? Strongly Connected Components. Breadth first search In this tutorial, you will learn about breadth first search algorithm. BFS algorithm A standard BFS implementation puts each vertex of the graph into one of two categories: Visited Not Visited The purpose of the algorithm is to mark each vertex as visited while avoiding cycles.
The algorithm works as follows: Start by putting any one of the graph's vertices at the back of a queue. Take the front item of the queue and add it to the visited list.
Create a list of that vertex's adjacent nodes. Add the ones which aren't in the visited list to the back of the queue. Keep repeating steps 2 and 3 until the queue is empty. The graph might have two different disconnected parts so to make sure that we cover every vertex, we can also run the BFS algorithm on every node BFS example Let's see how the Breadth First Search algorithm works with an example.
Undirected graph with 5 vertices We start from vertex 0, the BFS algorithm starts by putting it in the Visited list and putting all its adjacent vertices in the stack. The only catch here is, unlike trees, graphs may contain cycles, so we may come to the same node again. To avoid processing a node more than once, we use a boolean visited array. For simplicity, it is assumed that all vertices are reachable from the starting vertex. For example, in the following graph, we start traversal from vertex 2.
When we come to vertex 0, we look for all adjacent vertices of it. A Breadth-First Traversal of the following graph is 2, 0, 3, 1. Following are the implementations of simple Breadth-First Traversal from a given source.
The implementation uses an adjacency list representation of graphs. BFS int s traverses vertices reachable from s. If a adjacent has not been visited, then mark it visited and enqueue it for i in self. Generic; using System. Linq; using System. AddLast s ; while queue.
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